Planning a well in Grayson?

Local requirements can vary by property, groundwater conservation district, and intended use. We can help you understand the practical next steps. We do not provide legal advice.

Isometric geological cross-section cube illustration showing Grayson County, Texas stratigraphy — Topsoil, Upper Cretaceous units above Woodbine (Pawpaw Fm, Eagle Ford Shale, Austin Chalk), Woodbine Formation / Woodbine Aquifer, Fredericksburg/Washita interval, and the Woodbine aquifer at the base.
Click the image to explore Water Well Geology in the Grayson County Area

Grayson County Water Well Regulations & Permit Requirements, TX

Quick Answer

Grayson County is in the Red River GCD. New wells must be registered and obtain a Notice to Proceed before drilling and operation.

Grayson County sits in the Red River corridor at the north edge of the DFW market. The county is split geologically: the Antlers Formation (the Trinity aquifer’s local name where the Glen Rose has pinched out) crops out in the western and northwestern parts of the county, and the Upper Cretaceous Woodbine Formation crops out in a NE-SW band through central and eastern Grayson County. Whether you are drilling a new home well, a ranch supply, or replacing a failing system, your regulatory starting point is the Red River Groundwater Conservation District.

Which GCD Governs Grayson County?

Grayson County is fully within the Red River Groundwater Conservation District (Red River GCD), which also covers Fannin County. The District was created in 2009 by the 81st Texas Legislature under Texas Special District Local Laws Code Chapter 8859. Its mission is conserving, preserving, protecting, and preventing waste of groundwater resources in Grayson and Fannin Counties. The District office and Board meeting location are at the GTUA Board Room, 5100 Airport Drive, Denison.

StepActionWho Is Responsible
1Hire a TDLR-licensed water well drillerProperty owner
2Submit well registration to Red River GCDLicensed driller
3Receive Notice to Proceed — drilling may not begin before thisRed River GCD
4If capacity will exceed 17.36 gpm, obtain a production permitLicensed driller / property owner
5If aggregate capacity will be 200 gpm or more, submit a hydrogeological reportProperty owner / consulting hydrogeologist
6Drill well in compliance with the Notice to Proceed and permit conditionsLicensed driller
7File completion report with TDLR within 60 daysLicensed driller

Exempt vs. Non-Exempt Wells in Grayson County

Red River GCD uses gpm capacity, not gallons-per-day, to define exempt wells. There are two separate exemption rules — the modern rule and the pre-effective-date rule — and they apply to different wells.

Pre-Effective Date Exempt Wells

Leachate wells, monitoring wells, piezometers, and domestic, livestock, or wells with capacity less than 27.7 gpm drilled before April 1, 2012 are not required to be registered with the District. This is Red River GCD’s Pre-Effective Date exemption.

The District encourages voluntary registration of these wells because unregistered wells are not protected under District Rules from potential impacts caused by new wells. If you own an older well that qualifies for this exemption, voluntary registration is the practical way to put your well on the District’s map and protect it during future permit reviews.

Modern Exempt Wells

For wells drilled on or after January 1, 2019, the rule is 17.36 gpm capacity. A new well that does not exceed 17.36 gpm capacity is treated as exempt for District management plan purposes. This is the rule that applies to most new domestic and livestock wells in Grayson County today.

Note: 17.36 gpm capacity over a 24-hour day works out to roughly 25,000 gpd, which is the state default exempt-volume figure under Texas Water Code Section 36.117. Red River GCD’s rule is written in gpm capacity terms — use the gpm figure, not the 25,000 gpd state default framing.

Non-Exempt Wells

All new wells or well systems with capacity greater than 17.36 gpm require a production permit before drilling and operation. A hydrogeological report is required for any new well or well system with proposed aggregate capacity of 200 gpm or more, and for additions to an existing system that increase aggregate capacity by 200 gpm.

Registration and Notice to Proceed

Every new water well in Grayson County must be registered with Red River GCD and receive a Notice to Proceed before drilling and operation. Registration is the District’s gate, regardless of whether the well will be exempt or non-exempt. Your TDLR-licensed driller handles this on your behalf; do not begin drilling before the Notice to Proceed is in hand.

Well Spacing

Red River GCD’s District Rules govern spacing, production limits, production reporting, fees, waste, and Desired Future Conditions for the District’s managed aquifers. Specific spacing distances should be confirmed against the current Red River GCD District Rules at redrivergcd.org before you plan a well location; the District has noted ongoing policy work on Local Management Model and Well Spacing Requirements as recently as its November 20, 2025 board meeting. Your licensed driller will check the current rules as part of the registration step.

Reporting Requirements

Non-exempt wells must submit monthly meter readings collected within 10 days of the last day of each month, on a quarterly cycle. Meter readings are due within 30 days after the end of the quarter, and production fees are due within 60 days after the end of the quarter. The District’s management plan targets 95 percent reporting compliance.

Modern exempt wells (under 17.36 gpm, drilled on or after January 1, 2019) do not have production-reporting obligations beyond registration and the Notice to Proceed.

Pre-Effective Date Exempt wells (under 27.7 gpm, drilled before April 1, 2012) are not required to be registered at all. Voluntary registration is encouraged for the protection it confers under District Rules.

Fees

Red River GCD’s Updated 2025-2026 Fee Schedule, effective August 1, 2025, sets registration and production-permit fees plus a non-exempt water-use fee. The District’s Board updates fees periodically; confirm current rates on the Red River GCD fee schedule at redrivergcd.org before you budget.

County-Line Notes

Grayson County borders Cooke County to the west. Cooke County is in North Texas GCD (northtexasgcd.org), not Red River GCD. If your property is near the Grayson-Cooke line, confirm which GCD your parcel is in before you start the registration process; the two districts have separate rules and separate registration channels.

Working With a Licensed Driller

All water wells in Texas must be drilled by a contractor holding a valid TDLR Water Well Driller license. In Grayson County, an experienced driller will check nearby TWDB-submitted driller logs to estimate the depth and aquifer target for your parcel — Antlers in the west, Woodbine in the center and east, deeper drilling in southern Grayson County — and will handle the Red River GCD registration and Notice to Proceed from start to finish.

DFW Well Service (TDLR License #61234 DKMPW) drills throughout Grayson County — Sherman, Denison, Van Alstyne, Whitesboro, Pottsboro, and the surrounding rural areas. Call us at (940) 536-8560 to discuss your property and get a site-specific estimate.

Grayson County’s split geology rewards patient, experienced drilling and careful reading of nearby driller logs. With the right contractor and a clear understanding of Red River GCD’s registration and Notice to Proceed process, most Grayson County property owners complete well installation without major surprises.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the well water in Grayson County salty or brackish?
Usually fresh where home wells draw. The Woodbine is fresh through its outcrop band, and Texas Water Development Board mapping shows fresh water reaching unusually far downdip in Grayson County; water generally stays fresh to about 1,500 feet, then turns slightly to moderately saline deeper. Iron and manganese are the routine treatment items. Test total dissolved solids on deeper wells.
Which GCD governs water wells in Grayson County?
Grayson County is within the Red River Groundwater Conservation District (RRGCD), which also covers Fannin County. RRGCD operates under Texas Special District Local Laws Code Chapter 8859. The District's office is at 5100 Airport Drive, Denison.
Do I need a permit before drilling a well in Grayson County?
Every new water well in Grayson County must be registered with Red River GCD and receive a Notice to Proceed before drilling begins. Wells with capacity greater than 17.36 gpm also require a production permit. Your TDLR-licensed driller handles registration on your behalf. Do not begin drilling before receiving the Notice to Proceed.
What counts as an exempt well in Grayson County?
A new well drilled on or after January 1, 2019 that does not exceed 17.36 gpm capacity is treated as exempt for District management plan purposes. Separately, wells drilled before April 1, 2012 with capacity less than 27.7 gpm — domestic, livestock, leachate, monitoring, and piezometer wells — are Pre-Effective Date Exempt and are not required to be registered. Red River GCD encourages voluntary registration of pre-effective-date wells because unregistered wells are not protected under District Rules from impacts caused by new wells.
How deep are wells typically drilled in Grayson County?
Grayson County well depth varies substantially by location. Properties in western Grayson County on the Antlers outcrop, and properties near Sherman, Denison, and Lake Texoma, may encounter usable Woodbine or Antlers water at shallower depths. Properties in southern Grayson County, such as the Van Alstyne area, generally drill deeper because aquifer targets dip southeastward beneath confining intervals. Site-specific depth should be estimated from nearby TDLR-submitted driller logs and your driller's local experience.
Does Red River GCD require metering and reporting?
Non-exempt wells must submit monthly meter readings collected within 10 days of the last day of each month, on a quarterly cycle. Meter readings are due within 30 days after the end of the quarter, and production fees are due within 60 days after the end of the quarter. Exempt wells (modern under 17.36 gpm and Pre-Effective Date) do not have production-reporting obligations, though the District encourages voluntary registration.
What water quality issues should Grayson County well owners anticipate?
Common concerns include hardness from calcium carbonate, iron (very high in the upper Woodbine zones), and total dissolved solids that increase below about 1,500 ft of well depth in the Woodbine. Grayson County is on TCEQ's required-radionuclide-testing list for public water systems; private well owners should consider gross alpha, radium-226, and radium-228 testing where local records indicate. Recommended baseline testing: coliform bacteria, nitrate, iron, manganese, hardness, total dissolved solids, sulfate, fluoride, and gross alpha/radium for Woodbine and Trinity wells.

Get Practical Next Steps

Local rules can vary by property and use. Tell us about the project and we can help you think through next steps.

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